Application Note: Monocyte to Macrophage Differentiation: A Multiparametric Approach to Immune Cell Phenotyping
Overview
Macrophages are crucial elements of the innate immune system, exhibiting phenotypical plasticity and heterogeneity by dynamically shifting between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory states. Advanced in vitro models, including those utilizing human primary cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), offer a more translational framework for studying immune responses in human development and disease. To effectively employ and characterize these models, robust culture conditions and multiparametric technological approaches are essential.
This application note details the differentiation and polarization of primary monocytes into specific macrophage phenotypes using growth factors and cytokines alongside a combined methodology of live-cell analysis and high-throughput cytometry screening. This combined approach allowed for the visualization and quantification of phenotypic variations in cell morphology, marker expression, protein secretion, and function.
Document type: Application Note
Page count: 12
Read time: 21 minutes
Last updated: July 2024
Authors: Jasmine Trigg, Daryl Cole, Alpana Prajapat, Amber Ward, Natasha Lewis, and Nicola Bevan
Download the Application Note and Learn:
- Understand differentiation of primary monocytes into three macrophage phenotypes: M0 (unstimulated), M1, or M2a
- Learn about a multiparametric approach using live-cell analysis and high-throughput screening by cytometry to temporally monitor changes in cell morphology and characterize phenotypic differences in macrophage marker expression, secreted protein release, and function
- Gain deeper insights into phenotypic differences in healthy and disease states
Preview of Application Note
