Got Eggs? How Microbiological Solutions Are Helping Impacted Industries Manage the Bird Flu Crisis

Quality Control and TestingFood & BeverageLab Essentials
Mar 26, 2025  |  5 min read

The H5N1 bird flu is now a global crisis affecting agriculture, wildlife, and humans in multiple continents. Microbiological testing tools like air sampling devices and gelatin filters are key in managing bird flu risks, especially in places like poultry farms and dairy facilities where the H5N1 avian influenza can spread through the air. Let's explore how these tools play a role.

 


Understanding the Bird Flu's Impact

Since the outbreak began in 2020, H5N1 avian influenza has spread to every continent except Australia, infecting an unprecedented 70 mammalian species. In the United States  (US), over 166 million birds have died from the virus, and another 23 million have been culled, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the US Department of Agriculture. This has led to disruptions in egg production and rising grocery store prices.

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports 882 documented human infections worldwide, with a 52% fatality rate. While the CDC states that the risk to the general public remains low, the economic impact is significant, with egg prices expected to stay high throughout 2025.

 

The Importance of Microbiological Testing

Microbiological testing solutions, like gelatin filters and air sampling, are crucial for early outbreak detection. They help quickly identify airborne H5N1 particles, allowing for fast action to prevent widespread transmission. 

Regular air monitoring with these technologies can confirm biosecurity measures and pinpoint contamination sources in high-risk areas like arm exhaust vents or indoor processing facilities. As H5N1 increasingly affects mammals, including humans, these methods provide essential data for assessing zoonotic risks.

Efficient Virus Sampling with Gelatin Filters

Air sampling technologies offer quick detection capabilities, efficiently identifying viral particles in aerosols. After sampling, the filters dissolve in a buffer solution, allowing for RNA extraction and further analysis using techniques like PCR or serological assays. These downstream steps require proper preservation of viral particles during sampling.

Gelatin filters are especially useful for short-term sampling in controlled environments, requiring minimal preparation and compatibility with various detection methods. They reliably collect a wide range of biological aerosols, like bacteria, molds, and viruses, with studies demonstrating consistent collection effectiveness over a wide range of flow rates and high retention capability even under extreme ambient conditions.

Gelatin also acts similarly to a protective viral protein, safeguarding viruses against surface inactivation.

 

Advanced Air Monitoring Technology

Air sampling devices work by drawing a set volume of air through a gelatin membrane filter, capturing airborne microorganisms. Facilities looking for continuous and precise microbiological air monitoring in cleanrooms, pharmaceutical production areas, and food and beverage facilities prioritize sample preservation on the filter surface for downstream testing.

Adjustable flow rates also matter for tailoring to different environments; lower flow rates are useful for extended sampling.

Air samplers like the Sartorius MD8 use USP-approved and agar-free filters that don’t dry out during long-term sampling, which keeps the captured particles viable for testing. They also have adjustable air throughput rates for environments needing constant surveillance.

 

 

Building a Robust Testing Workflow

Once microorganisms are captured by the air sampler, downstream protocols are used for sample preparation and testing. This is where quality lab essentials like ultrapure water, filtration solutions, and pipettes help ensure the accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility of results. 

For example, contaminants in lab water used to prepare samples and run sensitive assays could interfere with viral detection. Quality filtration devices also help clarify and sterilize samples, ensuring that only the target virus is present for analysis.

Check out Sartorius's leading brands in lab essential tools to enhance the sensitivity and reliability of viral monitoring systems while minimizing contamination risks.

 

Related Resources

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On-Demand Webinar:  Annex I Impacts on Microbial Air Monitoring

Learn how to achieve compliant air monitoring under Annex I without risking contamination in this on-demand webinar.

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Air Monitoring Facilitates Disease Surveillance and Outbreak Response

Join this webinar to explore air monitoring solutions and their role in tracking COVID-19 and other disease outbreaks.

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Solutions for Microbiological Quality Control: Continuous Active Air M...

Discover three key air monitoring considerations for (c)GMP environments and how Sartorius solutions support compliance with Annex 1 guidelines.

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